Thyroid: How This Small Gland Affects Your Metabolism, Mood & More

Thyroid health is critical to our overall well-being, influencing everything from metabolism to mental health. Jeff Houtz, the Global Product Manager for Thyroid Products and Reproductive Endocrinology at QuidelOrtho, sheds light on various thyroid tests and the often hidden symptoms of thyroid disorders. This article will explore the primary functions of the thyroid gland, common thyroid conditions, their symptoms, and diagnostic tests. The Role of the Thyroid Gland The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped organ located at the base of the neck. Despite its size, it plays a vital role in regulating the body’s metabolism through the production of hormones T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine).  “When the thyroid is functioning properly, it produces T3 and T4 hormones at the right levels, which are monitored by your brain. The brain releases TSH to regulate the production of T3 and T4. When you go to the doctor, one of the tests they typically do is for TSH, which helps balance T3 and T4 levels, keeping your body functioning smoothly. These hormones affect everything from metabolism and oxygen uptake to heart rate, cognitive function, and menstrual cycles in women,” Houtz says. Common Thyroid Conditions 1. Hyperthyroidism Hyperthyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland...